水帘降温做好这5点，多用很多年！

6月13日，Hog Slat分享了一份隧道通风系统故障排除指南，从风机配置、百叶窗、皮带、皮带轮、轴承、喇叭口、卷帘布、水帘系统等方面指导分析了猪场日常隧道通风系统的维护和保养工作。（猪场通风出问题，美国Hog Slat有良方，轻松自己搞定！）今天Hog Slat继续给大家带来水帘的维护和保养分享，希望能给使用水帘降温的猪场客户带来一些借鉴和思考。

水帘降温主要是利用水蒸发过程中水吸收空气中的热量，使空气温度下降的物理学原理。猪场在使用水帘降温时，常会遇到水帘堵塞严重；水帘纸提前老化；水泵另一端的水帘纸变干或者出现条纹等问题。然而，这些绝大多数问题的产生，都是因为没有做好水帘的日常维护和保养。具体内容，请一起来看Hog Slat总部的工程师Tyler Marion是怎么说的。（见下文中英文）

"When it comes to evaporative cooling most of the equipment problems we see are failures to do routine maintenance," explained Tyler Marion, an engineer with Hog Slat Inc. located in Newton Grove, NC. "Evaporative cooling is really a pretty simple concept, but you have to perform basic maintenance tasks to keep the system operating correctly."  

“当说到水帘降温时，我们碰到的绝大多数问题是因为没有做好日常维护。”Tyler Marion，Hog Slat美国总部（牛顿格鲁夫，北卡罗来纳州）的工程师说道。“水帘降温真的是一个很简单的理念，但是你必须要做好基本的维护工作来保持系统的正常运行。”

Flush, Don't Bleed 冲洗，排水

A standard industry practice involves "bleeding-off" a percentage of the recirculation water to prevent a buildup of scale on the pads. Scale is the mineral deposit left on the pad when the water evaporates. While bleeding-off is better than nothing, a much better practice is to dump all the water from the trough and replenish with fresh water that in turn helps to flush the containments out of the cool cell pads. How often the trough needs to be drained depends on the hardness of the water and how often the evaporative system operates. Monitoring the PH level is a useful method to determine when to change the water with readings above 8.5 indicating an excessive mineral buildup.

一般工业上的标准做法是排放一部分循环水，防止水帘纸里水垢的堆积。水垢是由水蒸发后遗留在水帘纸上的矿物质沉积物。最好的方法是将水槽里的水全部排出，然后补入新鲜水，这更有利于冲刷水帘纸里的沉积物。水槽需要多久排一次水取决于水质的硬度和水帘系统运行的频率。监测PH值是决定何时换水的一个很有效的办法，通常水的PH值超过8.5以上时就表明矿物质过量堆积。

Use Preventive Chemical Treatments. 使用化学药剂

Paired with frequent water flushing, adding descalers and microbicides to the recirculating water pays big dividends in extending pad life. Descalers help keep minerals in suspension for more efficient flushing while microbicides reduce the growth and buildup of algae, bacterial and fungal slimes on the pads.   Never use chlorine bleaches to kill algae. Chlorine attacks the glue in the pads causing delamination.

在循环用水中加入除垢剂和杀菌剂，配合定期的冲洗，有利于延长水帘纸的使用寿命。除垢剂能使矿物质处于悬浮状态，更容易被冲洗，而杀菌剂可以减少水帘纸里藻类、细菌、真菌的滋长和沉积。切勿使用含氯漂白剂来去除藻类，氯会破坏水帘纸上的胶水，引起剥离脱层。

Adjust the Float. 调整浮球阀

One of the most common reasons for premature failure occurs when water logged pad bottoms become soft and sag down.   Just because water doesn't spill out of the trough when the system shuts down doesn't mean the float is adjusted correctly. When properly set the water level should be 1" below the bottom of the pads. It is critical to check the water level in new installations after running the system for several days.

Be on the lookout for trough levelness to change as the building settles and the framing shifts. Also, as the pads age, they retain more water making float valve adjustments necessary.  

浮球阀调整不正确是导致水帘系统过早失效的常见原因，但是我们不能简单地认为当水帘系统关闭时，水槽里的水不溢出来就代表浮球阀调整正确了。水位过高会导致水帘纸底部浸泡在水中，导致水帘纸变软、甚至下垂。正确的调整方式是将水位控制在水帘纸底部1英寸（约2.54cm）处。新安装的水帘系统在运行了几天后，对水位进行检查是非常重要的。

随着猪舍建筑的沉降和结构框架的老化，对于水槽的水平度变化需要注意。除此以外，随着水帘纸老化，水槽里要保留更多的水，对浮球阀进行调整十分有必要。

Clean the Trash Out 清除垃圾

Trash and debris in the pump trap and water line filters reduce the amount of water circulating through the system. A telltale sign of reduced water flow is dry or streaked pads at the end opposite of the pump. Failing to remove debris from the trash basket on a jet pump also reduces its useful life. Clean the holes in the distribution pipe whenever dry streaks appear on the pad. Open the ball valve on distribution pipe opposite the pump end and run the system to flush out any gunk from inside the pipe at least once a month.

水泵水阀和水管过滤器里的垃圾和碎片会减少系统循环的水量。循环水量减少的一个最显著的标志就是水泵另一端的水帘纸变干或者出现干的条纹。喷射泵过滤网中的碎片不及时清理也会降低泵的使用寿命。当水帘纸变干或者出现干的条纹时，及时清理喷水管上的小孔。打开水帘喷水管末端的排水阀，启动系统，将水管内的垃圾冲刷掉，建议每月至少进行一次。

Winterize the System. 防冻保护

Shutting off the water supply and draining the system are the basics for preparing an evaporative system for winter. In addition, remove the pump from the system and move it to inside storage. Just disconnecting the plumbing fittings and leaving the pump in place leads to damaged impellers and cracked housings.  

关闭供水并排空系统内残留的水是为水帘系统入冬做准备的基本内容。除此以外，将水泵拆卸，并搬至舍内存放。仅拆卸管道配件并把水泵放在原位的话，会导致水泵叶轮损坏，壳体开裂。

Performing basic maintenance allows evaporative cooling systems to operate efficiently and delays costly pad replacement.

日常的保养和维护既能保证水帘系统高效运行，又能延长水帘纸使用寿命。

工作中越是最基本的环节，越不能被忽视。在当前非洲猪瘟大环境下，猪场必须尽可能减少与外界接触，做好设备各方面的保养和维护，才能够保证猪场生产运转的高效稳定和猪群生长环境的健康安全。